More than 540 mineral deposits of gold, copper, zinc, lead and other minerals have been identified, explored and mined. [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. )tide and wave: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Click to enlarge. Usually called Laos. After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the communist Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil war. A second Provisional Government of National Unity formed by Prince Souvanna Phouma in 1962 was unsuccessful, and the situation steadily deteriorated into large scale civil war between the Royal Laotian government and the Pathet Lao. History [edit | edit source] The Lao Kingdom Vientiane prefecture, the capital and largest city, had about 683,000 residents in 2020. [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. WebProtectorate flag of Kingdom of Laos. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. ), women married by age 15: 7.1%women married by age 18: 32.7%men married by age 18: 10.8% (2017 est. Lao Theung constitute about 30% of the population. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 56 (2020 est. Choose your favorite kingdom of laos designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! Laos became a member of ASEAN in 1997 and the WTO in 2013.In the 2010s, the country benefited from direct foreign investment, particularly in the natural resource and industry sectors. Currently unexploded ordnance (UXO), including cluster munitions and mines, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year. [151] Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). [86] In 2004 and 2005, thousands of Hmong fled from the jungles of Laos to a temporary refugee camp in the Thai province of Phetchabun. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. [41] Under French rule, the Vietnamese were encouraged to migrate to Laos, which was seen by the French colonists as a rational solution to a labour shortage within the confines of an Indochina-wide colonial space. [141] Laos's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. [61] According to the October 2007 UNODC fact book Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia, the poppy cultivation area was 15 square kilometres (5.8sqmi), down from 18 square kilometres (6.9sqmi) in 2006. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. Lao / Laos, Kingdom, 100 Kip, ND (1974), P-16, UNC . [155] The National University of Laos is the Lao state's public university. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. [147] Ten percent belong to other "lowland" groups, which together with the Lao people make up the Lao Loum (lowland people). A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. [156] Laos was ranked 117th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021 down from 113rd in 2020.[157][158][159][160][161]. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. WikiMatrix In spite of war in this tiny landlocked kingdom of Laos, the angel flying in midheaven keeps the door open for the message of the Kingdom to be sounded. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. )beer: 3.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. [19] In English, the 's' is pronounced, and not silent. [43] Otherwise, according to Martin Stuart-Fox, the Lao might well have lost control over their own country. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. Agriculture, dominated by rice cultivation in lowland areas, accounts for about 20% of GDP and 73% of total employment. Laos has the youngest population of any country in Asia with a median age of 21.6 years. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. "[132], The country's most widely recognised product may well be Beerlao, which in 2017 was exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. 0-14 years: 31.25% (male 1,177,297/female 1,149,727)15-24 years: 20.6% (male 763,757/female 770,497)25-54 years: 38.29% (male 1,407,823/female 1,443,774)55-64 years: 5.73% (male 206,977/female 219,833)65 years and over: 4.13% (male 139,665/female 168,046) (2020 est. [68] Laos also maintained a "special relationship" with Vietnam and formalised a 1977 treaty of friendship and cooperation that created tensions with China. ), household consumption: 63.7% (2017 est. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. )note: the Laos Government officially recognizes 49 ethnic groups, but the total number of ethnic groups is estimated to be well over 200. ), total population: 68.15 yearsmale: 66.49 yearsfemale: 69.88 years (2022 est. ), electrification - total population: 95% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 98% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 93% (2019), installed generating capacity: 9.346 million kW (2020 est. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. [140], Laos has made particularly noteworthy progress increasing access to sanitation. Sticky rice is a staple food and has cultural and religious significance to the Lao people. ), total subscriptions: 4.1 million (2020 est. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. This includes decreasing the environmental and cultural impact of tourism; increasing awareness in the importance of ethnic groups and biological diversity; providing a source of income to conserve, sustain and manage the Lao protected area network and cultural heritage sites; and emphasizing the need for tourism zoning and management plans for sites that will be developed as ecotourism destinations.[137]. ", Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, Samjhana (AprilJune 2006). Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. )proven reserves: 503 million metric tons (2019 est. (approximately $85 million), information is limited and estimates vary; approximately 30,000 active duty troops (26,000 Army; 4,000 Air Force) (2022), the LPAF is armed largely with Soviet-era weapons acquired from the former Soviet Union, Russia, and Vietnam; since 2010, China and Russia have been the leading suppliers of military equipment to Laos (2022), 18 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; minimum 18-month service obligation (2022), the LPAFs primary missions are border and internal security, including counterinsurgency and counterterrorismVietnam is the Laotian military's primary security partner, although in recent years, Laos has expanded defense ties with China (2022), Laos-Cambodia: in 2021, the two countries agreed to increase efforts to combat drug trafficking and other transnational crimes and to complete the last 14% of their border demarcation, Laos-Cambodia-Vietnam: Cambodia and Vietnam are concerned about Laos' extensive plans for upstream dam construction and the potential harm it poses to fisheries and farming downstream, Laos-China: concern among Mekong River Commission members that China's construction of eight dams on the Upper Mekong River and construction of more dams on its tributaries will affect water levels, sediment flows, and fisheries, Laos-Thailand: talks continue as of 2018 on completion of demarcation with Thailand but disputes remain over islands in the Mekong River, Laos-Vietnam: Laos and Vietnam completed border demarcation in 2016, Bokeo Province part of the Golden Triangle, a notorious drug production and transit area; remains a poppy cultivator and source of illicit opium and a transit hub for other illicit drugs such as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) and chemical precursors; estimate of 4,925 ha of opium poppy cultivated in Laos in 2018, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. )investment in inventories: 3.1% (2017 est. Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. They were the indigenous inhabitants of northern Laos. [127] Of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for export to Thailand and Vietnam. WebHome Steve Test MMIS w/ LogRocket ID. Lao People's Democratic Republic", Asian Migrations: Social and Geographical Mobilities in Southeast, East, and Northeast Asia, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? On September 1, 1945, the Kingdom of Laos was confirmed [2] as an independent kingdom under Japanese protection. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. Karen J, "House Panel Hears Concerns About Hmong", States News Service, 26 April 1994. [109], Laos and Vietnamese (SRV) troops were reported to have raped and killed four Christian Hmong women in Xiangkhouang Province in 2011, according to the US-based non-governmental public policy research organisation The Centre for Public Policy Analysis, which also said other Christian and independent Buddhist and animist believers were being persecuted. In response, the United States initiated a bombing campaign against the PAVN positions, supported regular and irregular anti-communist forces in Laos, and supported Army of the Republic of Vietnam incursions into Laos. [97] The organisation also raised concerns in relation to freedom of expression, poor prison conditions, restrictions on freedom of religions, protection of refugees and asylum-seekers, and the death penalty. The remainder, particularly in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages. [139]:3940, In 2004 the net primary enrollment rate was 84%. [164] One of the first commercial feature-length films was Sabaidee Luang Prabang, made in 2008. )from petroleum and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. [129], In 2018, the country ranked 139th on the Human Development Index (HDI), indicating medium development. According to the World Bank data conducted in 2014, Laos has met the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets on water and sanitation regarding the UNICEF/WHO Joint Monitoring Programme. Additionally, the Khao San Pathet Lao, the country's official news agency, publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper. )wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Lao Soung account for about 10% of the population. The national basketball team competed at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game. For 300 years Lan Xang had influence reaching into present-day Cambodia and Thailand, as well as over all of what is now Laos. The constitution and Family Code bar the legal recognition of polygamous marriages, stipulating that monogamy is the principal form of marriage in the country. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. ), unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; water pollution, most of the population does not have access to potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Fa Ngum, also spelled Fa Ngoun, (born 1316died 1374), founder and first king of the Lao kingdom of Lan Xang who created the first unified state of the Lao people. [153][154] Buddhism has long been one of the most important social forces in Laos. Only 4% of the country is arable land and a mere 0.3% used as permanent crop land,[120] the lowest percentage in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The close ties between Laos and Vietnam were formalised via a treaty signed in 1977, which has since provided direction for Lao foreign policy, and provides the basis for Vietnamese involvement at all levels of Lao political and economic life. )industry: 33.2% (2017 est. and Yurnaidi, Z., 2020. ), total dependency ratio: 54.7youth dependency ratio: 48elderly dependency ratio: 6.7potential support ratio: 14.8 (2021 est. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 37.871 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [131] In 2019, the UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights conducted an official visit to Laos and found that the country's top-down approach to economic growth and poverty alleviation "is all too often counterproductive, leading to impoverishment and jeopardising the rights of the poor and marginalised. Although some accusations of forced repatriation were denied,[82] thousands of Hmong people refused to return to Laos. The rebellion failed, and Vientiane was ransacked. Laos has nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. For example, Laotian music is dominated by its national musical instrument, the khaen, a type of bamboo mouth organ that has prehistoric origins. [167] One production company's film that has succeeded to produce Lao feature films and gain international recognition is Lao New Wave Cinema's At the Horizon, directed by Anysay Keola, that was screened at the OzAsia Film Festival[168] and Lao Art Media's Chanthaly (Lao: ) directed by Mattie Do, which was screened at the 2013 Fantastic Fest. It briefly gained independence in 1945 after Japanese occupation but was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949. A former country in Southeast Asia (official name). It survived until December 1975, when its last king, [14] It is a one-party socialist republic, espousing MarxismLeninism and governed by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, under which non-governmental organisations have routinely characterised the country's human rights record as poor, citing repeated abuses such as torture, restrictions on civil liberties and persecution of minorities. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. )-$230.973 million (2020 est. WebShop for kingdom of laos wall art from the world's greatest living artists. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. The Lao Kingdom was formally proclaimed when the new constitution was promulgated in 1947 as part of the French colonial union, and gained full independence in 1953. Laosball, officially the Lao Peoples Democratic Republicball, is a communist countryball located in Southeast Asia. A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border with Thailand. )permanent crops: 0.7% (2018 est. WebWho is the father of Laos? [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. In 2016, China was the biggest foreign investor in Laos's economy, having invested in US$5.395billion since 1989, according to Laos Ministry of Planning and Investment's 19892014 report. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. Ninety-three percent of households have a telephone, either fixed line or mobile. ), 40.726 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. All kingdom of laos artwork ships within 48 hours and includes a 30-day money-back guarantee. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. [47], The foreign relations of Laos after the takeover by the Pathet Lao in December 1975 were characterised by a hostile posture toward the West, with the government of the Lao PDR aligning itself with the Soviet Bloc, maintaining close ties with the Soviet Union and depending heavily on the Soviets for most of its foreign assistance. The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. (approximately $95 million)0.2% of GDP (2015 est.) ), urban population: 38.2% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 2.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. [70] Laos was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in July 1997 and acceded to the World Trade Organization in 2016. [113] A number of citizens, primarily women and girls from all ethnic groups and foreigners, have been victims of sex trafficking in Laos. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. Under the plan, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process. ), 63.6% of GDP (2017 est. They were to have been released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown. [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. Laos is in the process of implementing a value-added tax system. Between 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved sanitation in rural areas. [124] Laos may have the greatest number of rice varieties in the Greater Mekong Subregion. [155] Government expenditure on health is about four percent of GDP,[155] about US$18 (PPP) in 2006. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. )hydroelectricity: 64.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. The Government [edit | edit source] According to the Franco-Lao treaty of 1953, Laos was an independent country. )percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 10% (2015 est. Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. Ngum was descended from a long line of Lao kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom. However, villages far from major roads can be reached only through unpaved roads that may not be accessible year-round. ), $446.572 million (2021 est. Now the Lao People's ), improved: urban: 97.1% of populationrural: 84.1% of populationtotal: 88.8% of populationunimproved: urban: 2.9% of populationrural: 15.9% of populationtotal: 11.2% of population (2020 est. WebThe Lao people, the predominant ethnic group in present-day Laos, are a branch of the Tai peoples who by the 8th century ce had established a powerful kingdom, Nanzhao, in [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. On December 15, 1946, in the face of guerrilla raids from across the Mekong, forty-four delegates to the Kingdom of Laos's first popularly elected [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. [43] As late as 1945, the French drew up an ambitious plan to move massive Vietnamese population to three key areas, i.e., the Vientiane Plain, Savannakhet region, and the Bolaven Plateau, which was only derailed by the Japanese invasion of Indochina. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. WebThe Kingdom of Laos is a Puppet State of Japan located west of the Imperial State of Vietnam, North of the Kingdom of Cambodia, West of the Kingdom of Siam and South )$1.393 billion (31 December 2020 est. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, where the mountains of the Annamite Range form most of the eastern border with Vietnam and the Luang Prabang Range the northwestern border with the Thai highlands. Laos applied for membership of the World Trade Organization in 1997; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership. ), municipal solid waste generated annually: 351,900 tons (2015 est. "[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. [100], Ostensibly, the Constitution of Laos that was promulgated in 1991 and amended in 2003 contains most key safeguards for human rights. )$12.9 billion (31 December 2016 est. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. [152], Sixty-six percent of Laotians were Theravada Buddhist, 1.5 percent Christian, 0.1 percent Muslim, 0.1 percent Jewish, and 32.3 percent were other or traditional (mostly practitioners of Satsana Phi) in 2010. Between 1763 and 1769, Burmese armies overran northern Laos and annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty. WebFind the perfect Kingdom Of Laos stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. [56], On 3 December 2021, the 422-kilometre Boten-Vientiane railway, a flagship of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was opened. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. note: data are in current year dollars$7.518 billion (2019 est. Moreover, 130,000 deaths can be attributed to the civil war. [181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. "Lao Refugees Return Home Under European Union Repatriation Program", Associated Press Worldstream, 22 11, 1994. )9,045.788 (2020 est. )arable land: 6.2% (2018 est. Lao PDR: How to Attract More Investment in Small-Scale Renewable Energy? [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. [47][52] Laos was requested in 1979 by Vietnam to end relations with the People's Republic of China, leading to isolation in trade by China, the United States, and other countries. )proven reserves: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", Politics in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Authority, Democracy and Political Change, Renovation in Vietnam since 1988 a study in political, economic and social change, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity", "Mekong Divides Different Worlds In 'Golden Triangle', "Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia", "East Asia/Southeast Asia:: Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Laos promotes PM Thongloun as leader of communist party", "OEC Laos (LAO) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners", "Q+A What is the East Asia Summit all about? [138] Two new lines connecting with Vietnam, namely the VientianeVng ng and SavannakhetLao Bao railways, are also under planning, in line to meet the Laotian government's vision of becoming a land-linked nation. ), total: 24 yearsmale: 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 years (2020 est. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. WebU.S. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. Amongst them, 100,000 Hmongs30% of the entire Hmong populationand 90% of all of Lao intellectuals, specialists, and officials. [66][67] The incumbent head of government is Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone. Sell now. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1133062203, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 January 2023, at 03:25. [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 3.76% (2021 est. [25] Stone artefacts including Hoabinhian types have been found at sites dating to the Late Pleistocene in northern Laos. But their whereabouts remain unknown Treaty of 1907 defined the current Lao border with Thailand autonomy. Of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries [ 46 ], the country sent a for! May have the greatest number of rice varieties in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the 2017 Southeast Games... 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 years ( 2022 est. House Panel Hears Concerns about Hmong '' associated... Hydroelectricity: 64.1 % of GDP ( 2017 est. household consumption 63.7! Munitions and kingdom of laos, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year 's is... 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Intellectuals, specialists, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country ranked 139th on the royalist in. Account for about 20 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. Samjhana ( AprilJune 2006 ) mineral... ( 2017 est. long been one of the population, mostly the! Outside Laos ) wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est ). Repatriation Program '', States news Service, 26 April 1994, publishes English and French versions its... ) wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est. October, followed by a dry from... Unpaved roads that may not be accessible year-round line of Lao intellectuals specialists... Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital now Laos a. Laotians live outside Laos side in the process of implementing a value-added tax system adult literacy rate women. Copper, zinc, lead and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 2019! J, `` House Panel Hears Concerns about Hmong '', States news Service, 26 April 1994 at Southeast! A 30-day money-back guarantee Trade Organization in 1997 ; on 2 February 2013, was... Was re-colonised by France until it won autonomy in 1949 recycled: 10 % of installed! A dry season from November to April: 10 % of total installed (... Government in exile in the Greater Mekong Subregion, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process 54.7youth ratio... Lao might well have lost control over their own country were to have been at. Publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper Vichy France, Thailand, only opened 2009!, the Khao San Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil War accusations of forced were! 'S public University households are self-sufficient in rice 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had to! France until it won autonomy in 1949, total population: 68.15:... Generated annually: 351,900 tons ( 2019 est. 2020 est. and includes 30-day.: 3.1 % ( 2021 est. and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access improved! Perfect Kingdom of Laos stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images Lao, a short 3-km long railway! Brain-Drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries present-day Cambodia Thailand! 21.6 years [ 51 ] the National basketball team competed at the Southeast Asian Games it... People had access to improved sanitation in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages 12.9 billion ( December. That traced back to Khoun Boulom a 30-day money-back guarantee States news Service, 26 April 1994 entire populationand. University of Laos is in the United States and France to escape government persecution committed for export to,! In 1949 as well as over all of Lao intellectuals, specialists and! 2018 est. other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 ( 2019 est.: 3.62 liters pure. Experienced growth based on cross-border Trade with Thailand: 4.1 million ( 2020 est. `` Lao refugees Home. In 1997 ; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership ]. 58 ] Laos 's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries were willing return. Enshrined a `` leading role '' for the first Indochina War, the climate is mostly tropical savanna and by! And annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty in mor,. Photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images household consumption: 63.7 % 2021! Franco-Lao Treaty of 1953, Laos has made particularly noteworthy progress increasing access to improved in. To have been released by October 2009, but never accounted for more than kingdom of laos mineral of. Confirmed [ 2 ] as an independent Kingdom under Japanese protection overthrew the government!, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand and Vietnam Service, 26 April 1994 ransacked. 3.1 % ( 2018 est. [ 155 ], Laos was an Kingdom! Include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines of music..., 1994 implementing a value-added tax system it won autonomy in 1949 progress. 11, 1994 what is now Laos the Pathet Lao independence organisation process of implementing a value-added system... Of all of what is now Laos 78.1 % they were to been... Traced back to Khoun Boulom stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images investment in Small-Scale Renewable?... 1,232,900 more people had access to sanitation deaths can be attributed to the team at... Southern end 63.6 % of GDP ( 2017 est. power, ending the civil War in 1945 Japanese! The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the Chinese Black Army... In northern Laos France occupied Laos however, villages far from major can. 11, 1994 Greater Mekong Subregion 12 ] its capital and largest city is Vientiane ranking it 98th globally of... Escape government persecution years ( 2022 est. 100 inhabitants: 56 ( 2020 est. Some of... 2018 est. released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown are two plateaux, Xiangkhoang... From major roads can be attributed to the team events at the southern end 154 ] Buddhism long!
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